Eyelids and Adnexa

Signs and Symptoms The word ptosis generally describes a drooping or sagging of the upper eyelid; however, the term is not specific to the lids...

Signs and Symptoms Ectropion represents a condition of eyelid malpositioning in which the lid margin rotates outward, away from the ocular surface. This phenomenon may...

Signs and Symptoms Entropion represents a condition of eyelid malpositioning in which the lid margin rotates inward against the ocular surface.1-8 This phenomenon may occur...

Signs and Symptoms Blepharospasm represents an eye-specific form of dystonia, a neurological condition marked by involuntary movements and extended muscular contractions.1 Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB)...

Signs and Symptoms Blunt trauma to the orbital rim is the typical cause of orbital floor and medial orbital wall fractures.1-4 While there is no...

Signs and Symptoms Epiphora describes the spillover of tears from the eye onto the lids and ocular adnexa. It is not a diagnosis, but rather...

Contact-Dermatitis-BContact-Dermatitis-A Signs and Symptoms Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory reaction of the skin, including the eyelid(s) and periocular adnexa. The presentation may occur unilaterally or bilaterally,...

Signs and Symptoms Patients with dacryoadenitis may be highly symptomatic or only mildly distracted by their cosmetic appearance, depending upon the underlying etiology and clinical...

Signs and Symptoms Acute dacryocystitis (lacrimal sac mucocele) is an infection of the lacrimal sac.1-7 It can occur as result of the elements or remnants...

Signs and Symptoms The word ecchymosis takes its origin from the Greek words ek (to extravasate blood from) and chymos (juice) to mean “a spilling...

Signs and Symptoms Patients with eyelid lacerations will present with varying degrees of eyelid swelling, edema, ecchymosis and bleeding.1 Eyelid lacerations can result from blunt...

Signs and Symptoms The word myokymia is derived from the Greek words myo, meaning muscle, and kyma, meaning wave. It is defined by complex, involuntary,...

Signs and Symptoms Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) represents a chronic disorder of the lids, lid margins and preocular tear film. As a rule, the condition...

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a rare, congenital, multisystem disorder that potentially involves the skin, eyes, nerves, brain and/or bones. The two basic forms of NF include type 1 (NF1) and type 2 (NF2), although NF1 is far more common, representing more than 90% of cases encountered clinically.

Signs and Symptoms Demodicosis refers to an infestation by mites of the genus Demodex. In humans, these mites selectively inhabit the skin of the face...

Ocular rosacea is a common, chronic inflammatory centro-facial dermatosis. The condition affects approximately 16 million Americans, with up to 7% experiencing some form of ocular surface abnormality.

Signs and Symptoms Orbital cellulitis is a vision-threatening infection of the tissues of the orbit.1-5 The condition results from direct spread of infection from the...

Signs and Symptoms Phthisis bulbi is an ocular condition defined by atrophy and disorganization of the intraocular structures that leads to a soft and anatomically...

Signs and Symptoms Preseptal cellulitis is an infection within the eyelid anterior to the orbital septum.1-5 Signs and symptoms include variable pain upon palpation, redness,...

Signs and Symptoms Proptosis is a non-ocular term generically meaning “to push forward.” Ocularly, it is the forward projection or displacement of the eyeball.1 Exophthalmos...

Signs and Symptoms Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common malignant neoplasm of the eyelid (after basal cell carcinoma), accounting for 5% to...

Trichiasis is defined as the misdirection of one or more eyelashes toward the ocular surface. By definition, minor trichiasis involves fewer than five cilia, while major trichiasis affects five or more.

Verruca vulgaris is defined as a small, multi-lobulated, firm-but-moveable growth of the outer layers of the skin or mucus membranes. Warts, as they are commonly known, come in varied shapes and sizes.

Signs and Symptoms The term xanthelasma is derived from the Greek xanthos (meaning “yellow”) and elasma (meaning “plate”). Xanthelasma are seen clinically as oval or...